First of all, I a am NOT looking to cheat. I firmly believe 85% or more of making a car faster is the squishy pink thing between the steering wheel and the seat. Second, I'm doing some mental bench building until my finances are in better shape to actually do something, so this is more of a thought exercise.
I have a 2004 MINI Cooper in my garage with a bad Midlands transmission. My plan is to replace it with the 5-speed Getrag that was available in the 2005-2006 models as it seems like a direct fit and much more reliable. I specifically don't want to go for a Cooper S 6-speed because I'd like to start autocrossing it one day in HS. That thought process made me wonder, first, if it would take me out of the stock class because it's not the original transmission to the year, but since 2002-2006 MINI's are classified the same, maybe it doesn't make a difference. However, the bigger question was, "How would anyone know?" It really opened a Pandora's box for me, so I thought I'd ask y'all.
I know national karting events. The events are based around a specific motor. If you're in the top 5 of a national race, they tell you to bring a box because you'll be taking the motor back in pieces because they tear it down and tech/measure everything. I can't imagine that at a national SCCA event (for example) that tech would get that detailed. Let's use Solo Nats for example. The sheer variety of makes/models/trims would most likely put a limit on what can be teched. Beyond that, is it more of an honor system? I'm not talking about things that are easily checked visually like sway bars, rim diameter or width, stripped interiors in stock classes, but more of the things harder to see.
In my MINI example above, if replacing the transmission with the next year model would make it illegal, would anyone pick up on it? That started me down the road of how DO they check things that can't be see visually or heard. For example, an ultralight flywheel could be easily heard as the car would sound a lot different than others in the class. But, a flywheel that's lightened 5-10% would be difficult to be discovered without removing it and weighing it. Lower gears would be heard or an LSD on a car that doesn't have one would be seen. What if someone rebuilt a motor, and shaved the head a smidge bumping compression a half a point or less? The only way you'd know is to do a compression ratio test. That seems beyond the capabilities of a post tech inspection. Granted, these are small gains, but at Solo Nats, where tenths and hundredths make a difference....
I can't stress enough that I'm not asking, "How can I cheat?" It's just my potentially doing a transmission swap took my down the rabbit hole of questions. There's probably 20 other questions that I could ask, but won't overload this post. (For example, my MINI has a sunroof. I don't like sunroofs and would like to weld in a regular roof. Do they do a VIN check to see what came on the car originally?)
-Rob