Good timing. I just took the MSF course back in April, and got my motorcycle endorsement. Been looking at scooters for months now, and finally pulled the trigger yesterday. Bought a Kymco People S 200 scooter. Its got a 163 cc air cooled engine, and once broken in is supposed to be able to do 65 mph on level ground. Got it mainly for errand running, country road riding, and fair weather commuting. Don't have too many miles on it yet, but really like it.
Kymco, Sym, and PGO (the Genuine Buddy in the US) are Taiwanese companies, and are miles ahead of the Chinese, although Kymco has started contracting out some of their bike production to China. From what I've heard, quality is almost as good as their Taiwan bikes, but I'm still a little leary of them. TGB is another Taiwanese company that build bikes with a decent rep, though I've heard a few horror stories, and the Laser R9 I looked at felt "cheaper" than my Kymco (as it very well should, it was $600 less expensive).
Going used, I'd vote for a Honda Elite 150 or a Yamah Riva 125 or larger, if you don't intend to get above 50 MPH or so. They were both made for years, and mechanical parts are still able to be found online, and in the case of the Honda, probably at a few dealers.
In the same speed category, if you go new, you may want to look at the Genuine Buddy 125/150 scooters. They are small and light, and have a lot of get up and go. Stock, they'll break 60 MPH, but I'm a wimp, and didn't want to ride that fast on 10" wheels (my Kymco has 16" wheels), or the Yamaha Zuma 125. Its about $3000, has a fuel injected engine, and looks pretty tough (for a scooter). My only problem is the ones for US consumption are made in China. The quality seems there, but I've quit a job over outsourcing to China, so I'm a little biased against it.
If you need to go faster than 50 mph or so regularly, I'd recommend a "big-wheel" scooter like my Kymco, or a SYM HD125/200, or go with a maxi scooter like a Burgman, or a majesty, or a Reflex. Don't know what your budget is, but I've seen used low mileage Burgmans on craigslist near me for around $4K.
Another plug in towards my scooter. I could have gotten the more powerful SYM HD125 for a little cheaper, but I wanted an air-cooled engine for my first ride. Also, its based on a bastardized version of the Honda GY6 drivetrain, which is also the same basic design use by lots of china scoots, so if I'm in a bit of a pinch, spare parts should be easier to come by. Its also got a kickstarter, in case I'm an idiot, and leave keys in the ignition with it turned on overnight. The SYM HD series is very nice, though, and the HD200 won the Scooter Cannonball last year.
With regard to countrys of origin for scooters, if the vin starts with L, it was made in China. If it starts with RF, it was made in Taiwan. If the VIN indicates it was made in Mexico or the USA, it probably means it was mostly made in China, then final assembly was done over here.